{"id":10585,"date":"2020-09-08T14:06:32","date_gmt":"2020-09-08T12:06:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/havas.cz\/?post_type=pressroom&p=10585"},"modified":"2020-10-14T10:34:13","modified_gmt":"2020-10-14T08:34:13","slug":"vice-nez-polovina-pacientu-s-inhalatorem-jej-pouziva-spatne1","status":"publish","type":"pressroom","link":"https:\/\/havas.cz\/en\/pressroom\/vice-nez-polovina-pacientu-s-inhalatorem-jej-pouziva-spatne1\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00edce ne\u017e polovina pacient\u016f s inhal\u00e1torem jej pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0161patn\u011b1<\/sup>"},"content":{"rendered":"

Inhala\u010dn\u00ed pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f je u astmatu a CHOPN zcela b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby. L\u00e9ky se tak toti\u017e dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo do d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, kde maj\u00ed rychl\u00fd a pot\u0159ebn\u00fd l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinek. Inhala\u010dn\u00ed cestou se pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed l\u00e9ky udr\u017eovac\u00ed, tj. dlouhodob\u00e9 i l\u00e9ky \u00falevov\u00e9. Udr\u017eovac\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba m\u00e1 zaji\u0161\u0165ovat minimum projev\u016f nemoci, a tedy i eliminovat\u00a0nutnost \u00falevov\u00e9 neboli z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pouze p\u0159i akutn\u00edm zhor\u0161en\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, jako jsou ka\u0161el, d\u00fdchac\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee, pocit t\u00ed\u017ee na hrudn\u00edku nebo v\u00fdskyt p\u00edskot\u016f p\u0159i d\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010di k\u00a0l\u00e9\u010db\u011b vzplanut\u00ed nemoci, tj. exacerbace. S\u00a0t\u00edm ov\u0161em souvis\u00ed nutnost udr\u017eovac\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu samovoln\u011b nep\u0159eru\u0161ovat, jinak l\u00e9\u010dba nen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1.3<\/sup> Alfou a omegou je pak inhalovat spr\u00e1vn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed chyby v inhala\u010dn\u00ed technice<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dle pr\u016fzkumu mezi pacienty pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi inhal\u00e1tory pro l\u00e9\u010dbu respira\u010dn\u00edch (d\u00fdchac\u00edch) chorob se zjistilo, \u017ee p\u0159es 50\u00a0% z nich d\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159i inhalov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 chyby a do plic se jim tak nedostane pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed l\u00e9ku.1<\/sup> \u201eN\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pacienti p\u0159ed inhalac\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b nevydechnou nebo vydechnou do inhal\u00e1toru. Pacienti chybuj\u00ed rovn\u011b\u017e ve \u0161patn\u00e9 koordinaci stisknut\u00ed d\u00e1vkova\u010de a n\u00e1dechu. V\u00a0takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b z\u016fstane l\u00e9k v\u00a0\u00fastech a do plic se dostane jen jeho mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st. Tot\u00e9\u017e plat\u00ed, pokud nemocn\u00fd m\u00edsto vdechnut\u00ed l\u00e9ku dech zadr\u017e\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> popisuje \u010dast\u00e9 chyby docentka MUDr. V\u00e1clava B\u00e1rt\u016f, Ph.D., z plicn\u00edho odd\u011blen\u00ed Medicon, a.\u00a0s. Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dastou chybou je, \u017ee pacient nedodr\u017e\u00ed doporu\u010denou dobu, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e by m\u011bl zadr\u017eet dech. Dech se doporu\u010duje zadr\u017eet zhruba na 5 a\u017e 10 sekund po vdechnut\u00ed l\u00e9ku, aby m\u011bla l\u00e9\u010div\u00e1 l\u00e1tka dostatek \u010dasu z\u016fstat v\u00a0d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest\u00e1ch a nebyla vydechnuta.4<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u00da\u010dinnost l\u00e9\u010dby le\u017e\u00ed na bedrech pacienta<\/strong><\/p>\n

Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost l\u00e9\u010dby pod\u00e1van\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed inhal\u00e1tor\u016f lze zajistit pouze dostate\u010dn\u00fdm za\u0161kolen\u00edm pacienta v\u00a0inhala\u010dn\u00ed technice.\u00a0Ka\u017ed\u00fd inhal\u00e1tor je jin\u00fd a je pot\u0159eba, aby pacient znal p\u0159esn\u011b ten sv\u016fj a\u00a0v\u011bd\u011bl, jak ho spr\u00e1vn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat. N\u00e1zorn\u00e9 videouk\u00e1zky, jak s jednotliv\u00fdmi typy\u00a0inhal\u00e1tor\u016f zach\u00e1zet, je mo\u017en\u00e9 zhl\u00e9dnout na internetov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch\u00a0mujinhalator.cz<\/a>. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9, kdy\u017e m\u00e1 nemocn\u00fd v\u00edce r\u016fzn\u00fdch inhal\u00e1tor\u016f a mus\u00ed se u\u010dit ovl\u00e1dat ka\u017ed\u00fd jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem.5<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u201eZ\u00e1kladem ka\u017ed\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby by m\u011blo b\u00fdt p\u0159esn\u00e9 dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed udr\u017eovac\u00edho l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, kter\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo souvis\u00ed s\u00a0kvalitou za\u0161kolen\u00ed pacienta. Hlavn\u00edm zdrojem informac\u00ed by pak m\u011bl b\u00fdt l\u00e9ka\u0159, kter\u00fd l\u00e9\u010dbu p\u0159edepisuje, a odborn\u00e1 zdravotn\u00ed sestra, kter\u00e1 pacienta u\u010d\u00ed spr\u00e1vnou inhala\u010dn\u00ed techniku. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je v\u0161ak rovn\u011b\u017e aktivn\u00ed role pacienta, jen\u017e by m\u011bl se sv\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edky v\u017edy otev\u0159en\u011b komunikovat, kl\u00e1st jim ot\u00e1zky a upozornit je, pokud trp\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fdmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi nebo si zkr\u00e1tka nen\u00ed jist\u00fd, zda l\u00e9k u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 spr\u00e1vn\u011b,\u201c <\/em>upozor\u0148uje docentka B\u00e1rt\u016f. Nevypl\u00e1c\u00ed se tak\u00e9 cokoli zaml\u010dovat, a\u0165 u\u017e to, \u017ee pacient nem\u016f\u017ee vyj\u00edt schody bez toho, aby se zad\u00fdchal, nebo si nevzpom\u00edn\u00e1 na to, kdy se celou noc vyspal bez probuzen\u00ed; i to mohou b\u00fdt zn\u00e1mky zhor\u0161uj\u00edc\u00edho se stavu, na kter\u00fd je pot\u0159eba v\u010das reagovat.<\/p>\n

Druhy inhal\u00e1tor\u016f <\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00a0dispozici je dnes n\u011bkolik druh\u016f inhal\u00e1tor\u016f. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se tlakov\u00e9 aerosolov\u00e9 inhal\u00e1tory, kdy se l\u00e9\u010div\u00e1 l\u00e1tka uvoln\u00ed tlakem ruky nebo p\u0159\u00edmo p\u0159i n\u00e1dechu. Dal\u0161\u00edm typem je inhal\u00e1tor pro pr\u00e1\u0161kovou formu l\u00e9ku jednod\u00e1vkov\u00fd, mnohod\u00e1vkov\u00fd \u010di rezervo\u00e1rov\u00fd.3<\/sup> \u201eL\u00e9ka\u0159 m\u00e1 dnes mo\u017enost individu\u00e1ln\u011b ka\u017ed\u00e9mu nemocn\u00e9mu vybrat, co mu sed\u00ed v\u00edce. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 je v\u0161ak pot\u0159eba pacienta nau\u010dit spr\u00e1vn\u011b zach\u00e1zet s\u00a0inhal\u00e1torem a rovn\u011b\u017e u n\u011bj opakovan\u011b kontrolovat inhala\u010dn\u00ed techniku a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 pot\u00ed\u017ee odhalit a\u00a0odstranit. Nevhodn\u011b zvolen\u00fd inhal\u00e1tor a nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 inhala\u010dn\u00ed technika, kter\u00e1 s\u00a0t\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee souviset, toti\u017e mohou b\u00fdt hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou toho, \u017ee l\u00e9\u010dba nefunguje, jak m\u00e1, a je to jednodu\u0161e proto, \u017ee ji pacient vlastn\u011b neu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje docentka B\u00e1rt\u016f.<\/p>\n

Astma a koronavirov\u00e1 epidemie<\/strong><\/p>\n

Astma je chronickou nemoc\u00ed d\u00fdchac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed, a pokud nen\u00ed pod plnou kontrolou \u010di se jedn\u00e1 o tzv. t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 problematick\u00e9 astma, m\u016f\u017ee potenci\u00e1ln\u011b zhor\u0161it sou\u010dasn\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh nemoci COVID-19. Pokud je v\u0161ak astma pod plnou kontrolou a pacient je dlouhodob\u011b bez p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a takzvan\u00e9ho vzplanut\u00ed nemoci, nen\u00ed riziko COVID-19 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e u b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 populace. Podm\u00ednkou je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm to, aby nemocn\u00fd p\u0159esn\u011b dodr\u017eoval p\u0159edepsan\u00fd l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd re\u017eim, tedy udr\u017eovac\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dbu, p\u0159edepsanou d\u00e1vku l\u00e9k\u016f i spr\u00e1vnou inhala\u010dn\u00ed techniku.6<\/sup><\/p>\n

Kontakt pro m\u00e9dia:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mark\u00e9ta\u00a0Stillerov\u00e1, PR\u00a0Director,\u00a0Havas, 702\u00a0213 341,\u00a0marketa.stillerova@havaspr.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Michaela\u00a0Jura\u010d\u00e1kov\u00e1, PR\u00a0Executive,\u00a0Havas, 602 766 398,\u00a0michaela.juracakova@havaspr.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Elsevier.\u00a0Respiratory\u00a0Medicine<\/em>. 2018<\/li>\n
  2. \u010cesk\u00e1 iniciativa pro astma. Informace o astmatu. Pr\u016fdu\u0161kov\u00e9 astma \u2013 1. d\u00edl. <\/em>Dostupn\u00e9 na: https:\/\/www.cipa.cz\/informace-o-astmatu\/pruduskove-astma-1-dil-50<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u010cesk\u00e1 iniciativa pro astma. Informace o astmatu. Inhala\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9my pro l\u00e9\u010dbu astmatu.<\/em> Dostupn\u00e9 na: https:\/\/www.cipa.cz\/informace-o-astmatu\/inhalacni-systemy-pro-lecbu-astmatu-65<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. VONDRA, Vladim\u00edr. Optim\u00e1ln\u00ed inhalace l\u00e9k\u016f a chyby p\u0159i inhalov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em>. 2009. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.internimedicina.cz\/pdfs\/int\/2009\/02\/02.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. M\u016fj inhal\u00e1tor. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.mujinhalator.cz<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. POHUNEK, Petr. Astma a koronavirov\u00e1 epidemie<\/em>. 2020. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.cipa.cz\/dokumenty\/koronavirus.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi d\u00fdchac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed, jako je astma a chronick\u00e1 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc \u2013 CHOPN, dnes trp\u00ed \u0159ada d\u011bt\u00ed i dosp\u011bl\u00fdch. S astmatem na sv\u011bt\u011b \u017eije asi 300 milion\u016f lid\u00ed, z toho 800 tis\u00edc \u010cech\u016f.2<\/sup> Z\u00e1kladn\u00edm p\u0159edpokladem pro z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed kontroly nad nemoc\u00ed je vhodn\u00e1 udr\u017eovac\u00ed (kontroluj\u00edc\u00ed) l\u00e9\u010dba, ale stejn\u011b tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd je v\u00fdb\u011br inhala\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu (inhal\u00e1toru) a spr\u00e1vn\u00e1 inhala\u010dn\u00ed technika. V\u00fdsledky pr\u016fzkumu mezi pacienty na inhala\u010dn\u00ed terapii v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice toti\u017e odhalily, \u017ee p\u0159es 50 % z nich pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 inhal\u00e1tor \u0161patn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jejich nemoci se tak nedost\u00e1v\u00e1 pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby a l\u00e9\u010dbu mohou negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat.1<\/sup> P\u0159itom jedin\u011b zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 inhala\u010dn\u00ed techniky je kl\u00ed\u010dem k \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":9716,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"pressroom_category":[],"pressroom_tag":[204],"class_list":["post-10585","pressroom","type-pressroom","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pressroom_tag-zdravi"],"yoast_head":"\nV\u00edce ne\u017e polovina pacient\u016f s inhal\u00e1torem jej pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0161patn\u011b1 - Havas Prague<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/havas.cz\/pressroom\/vice-nez-polovina-pacientu-s-inhalatorem-jej-pouziva-spatne1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"V\u00edce ne\u017e polovina pacient\u016f s inhal\u00e1torem jej pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0161patn\u011b1 - Havas Prague\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi d\u00fdchac\u00edho \u00fastroj\u00ed, jako je astma a chronick\u00e1 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed nemoc \u2013 CHOPN, dnes trp\u00ed \u0159ada d\u011bt\u00ed i dosp\u011bl\u00fdch. 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