{"id":15657,"date":"2023-03-23T12:00:28","date_gmt":"2023-03-23T11:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/havas.cz\/?post_type=pressroom&p=15657"},"modified":"2023-03-31T10:33:01","modified_gmt":"2023-03-31T08:33:01","slug":"jan-jansky-objevitel-krevnich-skupin-by-oslavil-150-let","status":"publish","type":"pressroom","link":"https:\/\/havas.cz\/en\/pressroom\/jan-jansky-objevitel-krevnich-skupin-by-oslavil-150-let\/","title":{"rendered":"Jan Jansk\u00fd, objevitel krevn\u00edch skupin, by oslavil 150 let. Jeho objev zachr\u00e1nil spoustu lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f."},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>P\u0159ed 150 lety, 3.\u00a0dubna 1873, se narodil psychiatr a\u00a0neurolog Jan Jansk\u00fd, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za objevitele \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch krevn\u00edch skupin. Jeho v\u00fdznamn\u00fd objev posunul modern\u00ed medic\u00ednu o\u00a0velk\u00fd krok kup\u0159edu t\u00edm, \u017ee umo\u017enil bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 krevn\u00ed transfuze.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00a0roce 1907 zve\u0159ejnil prof. MUDr. Jan Jansk\u00fd v\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00e9 potvrdily existenci \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch krevn\u00edch skupin dnes zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako 0, A, B, AB. Zjistil, \u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme krev t\u0159\u00eddit podle konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch rozd\u00edl\u016f ve vlastnostech krvinek. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u0161t\u011b neexistovaly modern\u00ed komunika\u010dn\u00ed metody pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed poznatk\u016f v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch oborech. Jansk\u00fd tedy netu\u0161il, \u017ee Raku\u0161an Karl Landsteiner o\u00a0p\u00e1r let d\u0159\u00edve odhalil t\u0159i krevn\u00ed skupiny. A\u017e Jansk\u00e9ho objev v\u0161ech \u010dty\u0159 krevn\u00edch skupin a\u00a0jejich z\u00e1konitost\u00ed v\u0161ak pomohl k\u00a0porozum\u011bn\u00ed krevn\u00edmu syst\u00e9mu a\u00a0umo\u017enil prov\u00e1d\u011bt \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 transfuze bez rizika \u00famrt\u00ed pacienta, kter\u00e9 by mohlo nastat po pod\u00e1n\u00ed krve od nevhodn\u00e9ho d\u00e1rce. V\u00a0roce 1921 byl Jan Jansk\u00fd ozna\u010den Americkou l\u00e9ka\u0159skou komis\u00ed za objevitele kompletn\u00edch typ\u016f krevn\u00edch skupin.1<\/sup><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e krev onemocn\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed krve v\u00a0lidsk\u00e9m organismu je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed krevn\u00edch bun\u011bk. Pokud je b\u00edl\u00fdch krvinek, \u010derven\u00fdch krvinek \u010di krevn\u00edch desti\u010dek moc nebo naopak m\u00e1lo, m\u016f\u017ee to zna\u010dit z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Pravideln\u00fd rozbor krve m\u016f\u017ee odhalit i\u00a0nemoc, kter\u00e1 se zat\u00edm jinak neprojevuje. Je proto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 chodit na preventivn\u00ed prohl\u00eddky k\u00a0praktick\u00e9mu l\u00e9ka\u0159i, kter\u00fd pe\u010duje o\u00a0celkov\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed sv\u00fdch pacient\u016f a\u00a0i\u00a0d\u00edky krevn\u00edmu obrazu m\u016f\u017ee nemoc zachytit v\u010das.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0hematologii se zab\u00fdv\u00e1me celou \u0159adou onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kdy krvetvorba nefunguje a\u00a0mus\u00edme ji zastoupit. \u0158e\u0161\u00edme onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nezhoubn\u00e1 i\u00a0zhoubn\u00e1. Do prvn\u00ed skupiny pat\u0159\u00ed an\u00e9mie neboli chudokrevnost2<\/sup>a\u00a0hemofilie neboli poruchy sr\u00e1\u017elivosti3<\/sup>. Mezi ta z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zhoubn\u00e1 \u0159ad\u00edme leukemii4<\/sup>, myelodysplastick\u00fd syndrom5<\/sup> nebo dal\u0161\u00ed myeloproliferativn\u00ed6<\/sup> a\u00a0lymfoproliferativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed7<\/sup>.<\/p>\n

\u201ePacient\u016fm \u010dasto pod\u00e1v\u00e1me krevn\u00ed deriv\u00e1ty<\/em> a t\u00edm kontrolujeme hladinu hemoglobinu, abychom jim pomohli nemoc zvl\u00e1dnout. Velk\u00e1 pot\u0159eba pod\u00e1n\u00ed krve vznik\u00e1 tak\u00e9 v\u00a0chirurgick\u00fdch oborech zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b p\u0159i komplikovan\u00fdch operac\u00edch a\u00a0po hav\u00e1ri\u00edch. I\u00a0to je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d pot\u0159ebujeme velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed krve od d\u00e1rc\u016f. P\u0159esto, \u017ee je snaha vytvo\u0159it um\u011blou tekutinu, n\u011bco tak dokonal\u00e9ho, jako je krev, se doposud nepoda\u0159ilo vyrobit. M\u00e1me nap\u0159. erytropoetinov\u00e9 prepar\u00e1ty, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1\u017e\u00ed zes\u00edlit produkci krve, ale krev pln\u011b nahradit nedok\u00e1\u017eeme<\/em>,\u201c <\/em>vysv\u011btluje za \u010ceskou hematologickou spole\u010dnost prof. MUDr. Pavel \u017d\u00e1k, Ph.D., p\u0159ednosta IV. intern\u00ed hematologick\u00e9 kliniky FN Hradec Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je dobr\u00e9 zn\u00e1t svou krevn\u00ed skupinu<\/strong><\/p>\n

Krom\u011b p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nosti k\u00a0jedn\u00e9 ze \u010dty\u0159 krevn\u00edch skupin je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fd tak\u00e9 Rh faktor, kter\u00fd je bu\u010f pozitivn\u00ed, nebo negativn\u00ed. Tento faktor ur\u010duje, zda je krev dvou lid\u00ed kompatibiln\u00ed, kdy\u017e je sm\u00edch\u00e1na. Krevn\u00ed skupina a\u00a0Rh faktor pat\u0159\u00ed k\u00a0z\u00e1kladn\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm \u00fadaj\u016fm, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bl ka\u017ed\u00fd zn\u00e1t.8<\/sup> Z\u00e1rove\u0148 ale nen\u00ed pot\u0159eba ob\u00e1vat se, \u017ee by neznalost krevn\u00ed skupiny ohrozila kohokoli na \u017eivot\u011b. P\u0159ed ka\u017ed\u00fdm pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm z\u00e1krokem se krevn\u00ed skupina ov\u011b\u0159uje a\u00a0v\u00a0akutn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edt univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed skupinu 0 Rh negativn\u00ed.9<\/sup>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00e1rci krve pom\u00e1haj\u00ed ostatn\u00edm, ale chr\u00e1n\u00ed i\u00a0sami sebe\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010cech dostane v\u00a0pr\u016fm\u011bru za sv\u016fj \u017eivot \u010dty\u0159i krevn\u00ed transfuze a\u00a0dvan\u00e1ct prepar\u00e1t\u016f vyroben\u00fdch z\u00a0krve. Pro to, aby bylo krve dostatek, je pot\u0159eba z\u00edskat ka\u017ed\u00fd rok a\u017e 33\u00a0tis\u00edc nov\u00fdch d\u00e1rc\u016f.10<\/sup> \u201eD\u00e1rce, kter\u00fd chod\u00ed pravideln\u011b darovat krev, tak pom\u00e1h\u00e1 nejen t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed krev pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed, ale chr\u00e1n\u00ed i\u00a0s\u00e1m sebe, jeliko\u017e je jeho krev d\u00edky odb\u011br\u016fm pod dohledem,\u201c <\/em>vysv\u011btluje prof. Pavel \u017d\u00e1k. Pr\u00e1v\u011b Jan Jansk\u00fd byl propag\u00e1torem d\u00e1rcovstv\u00ed krve a\u00a0na jeho po\u010dest se dobrovoln\u00fdm d\u00e1rc\u016fm u\u00a0n\u00e1s ud\u011bluje Medaile prof. MUDr. Jana Jansk\u00e9ho.11<\/sup><\/p>\n

Kontakt pro m\u00e9dia: <\/strong><\/p>\n

Michaela Jura\u010d\u00e1kov\u00e1, PR Manager, Havas PR Prague, +420\u00a0602\u00a0766\u00a0398<\/p>\n

Anna Sold\u00e1tov\u00e1, PR Executive, Havas PR Prague, +420\u00a0724\u00a0652\u00a0308<\/p>\n

Seznam zdroj\u016f:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]<\/sup> Tajemstv\u00ed krve. \u010cesk\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e <\/em>[online]. 2021 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.cervenykriz.eu\/files\/files\/cz\/edicedeti\/mmz_2021_extr.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

2<\/sup> An\u00e9mie. Linkos<\/em> [online]. 2023 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.linkos.cz\/slovnicek\/anemie-chudokrevnost\/<\/a><\/p>\n

3<\/sup> Hemofilie. Hemofilie<\/em> [online]. 2023 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.hemofilie.cz<\/a><\/p>\n

4<\/sup> Leukemie. Linkos<\/em> [online]. 2023 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.linkos.cz\/pacient-a-rodina\/onkologicke-diagnozy\/leukemie-c91-c95\/leukemie-1\/<\/a><\/p>\n

5<\/sup> Myelodysplastick\u00fd syndrom. Linkos<\/em> [online]. 2023 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z:\u00a0https:\/\/www.linkos.cz\/slovnicek\/myelodysplasticky-syndrom\/<\/a><\/p>\n

6<\/sup> Myeloproliferativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Linkos<\/em> [online]. 2023 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.linkos.cz\/pacient-a-rodina\/onkologicke-diagnozy\/myeloproliferativni-onemocneni\/<\/a><\/p>\n

7<\/sup> Lymfoproliferativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Medical Tribune<\/em> [online]. 2022 [cit. 2023-3-21]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.tribune.cz\/medicina\/lymfoproliferativni-onemocneni\/<\/a><\/p>\n

8<\/sup> Tajemstv\u00ed krve. \u010cesk\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e <\/em>[online]. 2021 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.cervenykriz.eu\/files\/files\/cz\/edicedeti\/mmz_2021_extr.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

9<\/sup> Jak zjistit krevn\u00ed skupinu zdarma? Europlasma <\/em>[online]. 2021 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z:\u00a0<\/em>https:\/\/www.europlasma.cz\/blog.html\/jak-zjistit-krevni-skupinu-zdarma<\/a><\/p>\n

10<\/sup> Pro\u010d pot\u0159ebujeme d\u00e1rce krve? \u010cesk\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e <\/em>[online]. 2023 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.cervenykriz.eu\/proc-potrebujeme-darce-krve<\/a><\/p>\n

11<\/sup> Oce\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed bezp\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvkov\u00fdch d\u00e1rc\u016f krve. \u010cesk\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd k\u0159\u00ed\u017e <\/em>[online]. 2023 [cit. 2023-3-16]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.cervenykriz.eu\/ocenovani-darcu<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159ed 150 lety, 3.\u00a0dubna 1873, se narodil psychiatr a\u00a0neurolog Jan Jansk\u00fd, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za objevitele \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch krevn\u00edch skupin. Jeho v\u00fdznamn\u00fd objev posunul modern\u00ed medic\u00ednu o\u00a0velk\u00fd krok kup\u0159edu t\u00edm, \u017ee umo\u017enil bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 krevn\u00ed transfuze. V\u00a0roce 1907 zve\u0159ejnil prof. MUDr. Jan Jansk\u00fd v\u00fdsledky sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu, kter\u00e9 potvrdily existenci \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch krevn\u00edch skupin dnes zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"pressroom_category":[],"pressroom_tag":[339,338,204],"class_list":["post-15657","pressroom","type-pressroom","status-publish","hentry","pressroom_tag-hematologie","pressroom_tag-jan-jansky","pressroom_tag-zdravi"],"yoast_head":"\nJan Jansk\u00fd, objevitel krevn\u00edch skupin, by oslavil 150 let. Jeho objev zachr\u00e1nil spoustu lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f. - Havas Prague<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"P\u0159ed 150 lety, 3.\u00a0dubna 1873, se narodil psychiatr a\u00a0neurolog Jan Jansk\u00fd, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za objevitele \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch krevn\u00edch skupin. Jeho v\u00fdznamn\u00fd objev posunul modern\u00ed medic\u00ednu o\u00a0velk\u00fd krok kup\u0159edu t\u00edm, \u017ee umo\u017enil bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 krevn\u00ed transfuze.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/havas.cz\/pressroom\/jan-jansky-objevitel-krevnich-skupin-by-oslavil-150-let\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jan Jansk\u00fd, objevitel krevn\u00edch skupin, by oslavil 150 let. Jeho objev zachr\u00e1nil spoustu lidsk\u00fdch \u017eivot\u016f. - Havas Prague\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"P\u0159ed 150 lety, 3.\u00a0dubna 1873, se narodil psychiatr a\u00a0neurolog Jan Jansk\u00fd, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za objevitele \u010dty\u0159 z\u00e1kladn\u00edch krevn\u00edch skupin. 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