{"id":8765,"date":"2020-04-01T09:00:53","date_gmt":"2020-04-01T07:00:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/havas.cz\/?post_type=pressroom&p=8765"},"modified":"2020-10-14T10:03:42","modified_gmt":"2020-10-14T08:03:42","slug":"roztrousena-skleroza-nemoc-lecena-specializovanymi-neurology-v-zemi","status":"publish","type":"pressroom","link":"https:\/\/havas.cz\/en\/pressroom\/roztrousena-skleroza-nemoc-lecena-specializovanymi-neurology-v-zemi\/","title":{"rendered":"Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za \u2013 nemoc l\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 specializovan\u00fdmi neurology v zemi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za postihuje p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm mlad\u00e9 lidi a vyskytuje se p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b v\u00a0m\u00edrn\u00e9m p\u00e1smu severn\u00ed polokoule. V\u00a0\u010cesku se\u00a0onemocn\u011bn\u00ed t\u00fdk\u00e1 170 a\u017e 200 nemocn\u00fdch na 100\u00a0000 obyvatel, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje 17 a\u017e 20 tis\u00edc pacient\u016f.1<\/sup>Jedn\u00e1 se o autoimunitn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, p\u0159i n\u011bm\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0rozvoji z\u00e1n\u011btu v\u00a0mozku a m\u00ed\u0161e. V\u00a0d\u016fsledku t\u011bchto proces\u016f pak pacient poci\u0165uje projevy nemoci, mezi kter\u00e9 se \u0159ad\u00ed nap\u0159. z\u00e1n\u011bt o\u010dn\u00edho nervu, mraven\u010den\u00ed na polovin\u011b t\u011bla, \u00fanava, \u0161patn\u00e1 koordinace pohyb\u016f aj. Tyto projevy p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed zpo\u010d\u00e1tku ve form\u011b tzv. atak, kter\u00e9 jsou obdob\u00edmi, kdy pacient p\u0159\u00edznaky nemoci poci\u0165uje. Ataky trvaj\u00ed nejm\u00e9n\u011b 24 hodin, v\u011bt\u0161inou ale dny, m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasto t\u00fddny.1<\/sup><\/p>\n

P\u0159i detailn\u00edm pohledu doch\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy k\u00a0tomu, \u017ee imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd norm\u00e1ln\u011b chr\u00e1n\u00ed organismus p\u0159ed infekcemi, v\u00a0tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b chybn\u011b napad\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed tk\u00e1n\u011b. \u201eAutoreaktivn\u00ed imunitn\u00ed bu\u0148ky se dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed do centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a n\u00e1sledn\u011b zde produkuj\u00ed \u0159adu z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00fdch l\u00e1tek pro nervov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna. Nervov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna jsou v\u00a0podstat\u011b nervov\u00e9 v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eky, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed neuron\u016f a s\u00a0jejich\u017e pomoc\u00ed spolu neurony komunikuj\u00ed. Tato nervov\u00e1 vl\u00e1kna na sob\u011b maj\u00ed ochrann\u00fd myelinov\u00fd obal, k\u00a0jeho\u017e po\u0161kozen\u00ed doch\u00e1z\u00ed pr\u00e1v\u011b vlivem z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9ho procesu v\u00a0mozku a m\u00ed\u0161e. Po\u0161kozen\u00ed ochrann\u00fdch myelinov\u00fdch obal\u016f pak zp\u016fsobuje zpomalen\u00ed p\u0159enos\u016f informac\u00ed z\u00a0centr\u00e1ln\u00edho nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu do t\u011bla, a p\u0159esto\u017ee zde \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0obnov\u011b obal\u016f, vznikaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 jizvy. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce jizev, t\u00edm v\u00edce se p\u0159enos zpomaluje a projevy nemoci jsou st\u00e1le v\u00fdrazn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed<\/em>,\u201c<\/em> vysv\u011btluje prof. MUDr. Jan\u00a0Mare\u0161, Ph.D., MBA, z\u00e1stupce p\u0159ednosty Neurologick\u00e9 kliniky FN Olomouc. Ve skute\u010dnosti to pak vypad\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad tak, \u017ee m\u00e1 pacient probl\u00e9my s\u00a0ch\u016fz\u00ed nebo rovnov\u00e1hou. V\u00a0pr\u016fb\u011bhu nemoci se mohou projevit i poruchy my\u0161len\u00ed, v\u00a0\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se v\u0161ak nejedn\u00e1 o zapom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed u star\u00fdch lid\u00ed, s\u00a0\u010d\u00edm\u017e m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1zev roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za myln\u011b spojov\u00e1n.6<\/sup><\/p>\n

Pr\u016fb\u011bh onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a projevy formou atak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formou roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy je forma naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 jako relaps-remitentn\u00ed, u kter\u00e9 se st\u0159\u00eddaj\u00ed ataky (relapsy) a klidov\u00e1 obdob\u00ed (remise). Jeliko\u017e roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za postihuje jakoukoli \u010d\u00e1st mozku a m\u00edchy a zp\u016fsobuje v\u00a0nich z\u00e1n\u011bt, projevy ataky mohou b\u00fdt r\u016fznorod\u00e9. Mezi ty nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1n\u011bt o\u010dn\u00edho nervu, kter\u00fd se projevuje rozmazan\u00fdm nebo dvojit\u00fdm vid\u011bn\u00edm \u010di v\u00fdpadky zorn\u00e9ho pole. D\u00e1le se mezi n\u011b \u0159ad\u00ed mraven\u010den\u00ed na polovin\u011b t\u011bla, \u0161patn\u00e1 koordinace pohyb\u016f, ale tak\u00e9 \u00fanava, poruchy soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed nebo i\u00a0z\u00e1vrat\u011b.5<\/sup> Pokud m\u00e1 organismus dostatek sil se s\u00a0nemoc\u00ed vyrovnat, pacient si v\u00a0po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch po odezn\u011bn\u00ed ataky ani nev\u0161imne, \u017ee se v\u00a0jeho t\u011ble n\u011bco d\u011blo, a funguje d\u00e1l zcela norm\u00e1ln\u011b. Dle l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f je tato forma \u010di f\u00e1ze roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy nejl\u00e9pe ovlivniteln\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dbou.6<\/sup><\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny nemoci a jak se diagnostikuje<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny onemocn\u011bn\u00ed nejsou st\u00e1le zn\u00e1my. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se v\u0161ak, \u017ee na rozvoj roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy m\u00e1 vliv d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00e1 dispozice, nedostatek vitam\u00ednu B a D nebo i zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k\u00a0naru\u0161en\u00ed obranyschopnosti organismu. Spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ale i n\u011bkter\u00e1 virov\u00e1 nebo bakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed infekce, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b dlouhotrvaj\u00edc\u00ed stres a z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e.7<\/sup> Zda m\u00e1 stres tak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v\u00a0aktivaci z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9ho \u010di autoimunitn\u00edho procesu, v\u0161ak nen\u00ed dosud zcela potvrzeno.1<\/sup> Mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ur\u010den\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy pat\u0159\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed pomoc\u00ed magnetick\u00e9 rezonance a mozkom\u00ed\u0161n\u00edho moku. Po t\u011bchto vyhodnocen\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159i mohou u velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti pacient\u016f s\u00a0jistotou \u0159\u00edci, zda se jedn\u00e1 o roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zu, \u010di nikoli.7<\/sup><\/p>\n

L\u00e9\u010dbu zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed neurologov\u00e9 v\u00a015 unik\u00e1tn\u00edch centrech <\/strong><\/p>\n

Pro diagnostiku a l\u00e9\u010dbu roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy vzniklo v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice 15 specializovan\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch center, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v\u00a0Praze, Brn\u011b, Olomouci, Ostrav\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edch m\u011bstech.3<\/sup> Nemocn\u00ed zde maj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke komplexn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di, v\u010detn\u011b individu\u00e1ln\u00ed rehabilitace, kter\u00e1 je u roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy nadm\u00edru podstatn\u00e1. To v\u0161e za dohledu p\u0159edn\u00edch neurologick\u00fdch specialist\u016f na toto onemocn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fdk\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dby roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy, l\u00e9ka\u0159i rozli\u0161uj\u00ed mezi akutn\u00ed terapi\u00ed a dlouhodobou. V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b akutn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby se l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00e1 ataka, a to kdykoli, jak na za\u010d\u00e1tku onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, tak i tehdy, kdy se pacient s\u00a0nemoc\u00ed l\u00e9\u010d\u00ed dlouhodob\u011b. \u201eTerapie ataky spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00a0pod\u00e1n\u00ed protiz\u00e1n\u011btliv\u011b p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edch kortikosteroid\u016f, nej\u010dast\u011bji nitro\u017eiln\u011b. Terapie dlouhodob\u00e1 m\u00e1 pak za c\u00edl zpomalit celkov\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh choroby, zredukovat po\u010det atak a pokud mo\u017eno p\u0159edej\u00edt rozvoji invalidity<\/em>,\u201c<\/em>up\u0159es\u0148uje profesor Mare\u0161. L\u00e9\u010dba roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy v\u0161ak nen\u00ed pouze o pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f. Pacient ji m\u016f\u017ee podpo\u0159it tak\u00e9 vyvarov\u00e1n\u00edm se stresu\u00a0a\u00a0cvi\u010den\u00edm prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdm za pomoci fyzioterapeut\u016f.5<\/sup><\/p>\n

Pomozte sv\u00fdm bl\u00edzk\u00fdm p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o v\u00fdvoji jejich nemoci, podpo\u0159te je ve zdrav\u00e9m \u017eivotn\u00edm stylu a\u00a0spole\u010dn\u011b s\u00a0nimi diskutujte s l\u00e9ka\u0159i o v\u00fdvoji onemocn\u011bn\u00ed i o adekv\u00e1tn\u00edch mo\u017enostech l\u00e9\u010dby.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kontakt pro m\u00e9dia: <\/strong><\/p>\n

Mark\u00e9ta Stillerov\u00e1, PR Director, Havas, 702\u00a0213\u00a0341, marketa.stillerova@havaspr.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Michaela Jura\u010d\u00e1kov\u00e1, PR Executive, Havas, 602 766\u00a0398, michaela.juracakova@havaspr.com<\/a><\/p>\n

Zdroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. SL\u00c1DKOV\u00c1, Vladim\u00edra. Diagnostika roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy, typick\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. Medic\u00edna pro praxi<\/em>[online]. 2015; 12(5): 236\u2013242. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.medicinapropraxi.cz\/pdfs\/med\/2015\/05\/07.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za. In: Asociace inovativn\u00edho farmaceutick\u00e9ho pr\u016fmyslu<\/em> [online]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/www.aifp.cz\/cs\/roztrousena-skleroza\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Statut centra pro roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zu z\u00edskalo 15 nemocnic. Zdravotnictv\u00ed a\u00a0medic\u00edna<\/em> [online]. 2019, 7. 11. 2019. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/zdravi.euro.cz\/statut-centra-pro-roztrousenou-sklerozu-ziskalo-15-nemocnic\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. HAVRDOV\u00c1, Eva. L\u00e9\u010dba roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy. 1\/2007. Dostupn\u00e9 z: http:\/\/www.remedia.cz\/Clanky\/Farmakoterapie\/Lecba-roztrousene-sklerozy\/6-L-hj.magarticle.aspx<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. P\u0159\u00edznaky roztrou\u0161en\u00e9 skler\u00f3zy, f\u00e1ze a l\u00e9\u010dba nemoci. Zdravotnictv\u00ed a medic\u00edna<\/em> [online]. Dostupn\u00e9 z: https:\/\/zdravi.euro.cz\/leky\/roztrousena-skleroza-priznaky-faze-lecba-nemoci\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. MALINOV\u00c1, Renata a Kl\u00e1ra NOVOTN\u00c1. Bro\u017eura pro pacienty.<\/em> vyd\u00e1n\u00ed 2017.<\/li>\n
  7. MELUZ\u00cdNOV\u00c1, Eva. Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za. Psychiatrie pro praxi.<\/em> 2008; 9(3): 108\u201311.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za je chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 neurologick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Postihuje dvakr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji \u017eeny ne\u017e mu\u017ee a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inou mezi 20. a 40. rokem v\u011bku.1<\/sup> Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0\u00favodn\u00ed f\u00e1zi charakterizuje zejm\u00e9na z\u00e1n\u011bt nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b mozku a m\u00edchy. Navzdory n\u00e1zvu \u201eskler\u00f3za\u201c ale se zapom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm ve st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. P\u0159esto, \u017ee jde o velmi z\u00e1va\u017enou diagn\u00f3zu, jej\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina st\u00e1le nen\u00ed zn\u00e1ma. Posuny v\u00a0l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch mo\u017enostech jsou v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech velik\u00e9, l\u00e9ka\u0159i maj\u00ed k\u00a0dispozici celou \u0161k\u00e1lu modern\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f.2<\/sup> V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky jsou pacienti s\u00a0roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zou (RS) v\u00a0p\u00e9\u010di specializovan\u00fdch neurolog\u016f. Ti p\u016fsob\u00ed v\u00a015 RS centrech, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad v\u00a0Praze, v Olomouci nebo Brn\u011b.3<\/sup> Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdmi prvky\u00a0v\u00a0p\u00e9\u010di o pacienty jsou v\u010dasn\u00e9 rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed nemoci a sledov\u00e1n\u00ed jej\u00edho v\u00fdvoje, co\u017e v\u00a0kombinaci s vhodnou medikac\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b zlep\u0161it kvalitu \u017eivota.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":8772,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"pressroom_category":[],"pressroom_tag":[204],"class_list":["post-8765","pressroom","type-pressroom","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","pressroom_tag-zdravi"],"yoast_head":"\nRoztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za \u2013 nemoc l\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 specializovan\u00fdmi neurology v zemi - Havas Prague<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/havas.cz\/pressroom\/roztrousena-skleroza-nemoc-lecena-specializovanymi-neurology-v-zemi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za \u2013 nemoc l\u00e9\u010den\u00e1 specializovan\u00fdmi neurology v zemi - Havas Prague\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Roztrou\u0161en\u00e1 skler\u00f3za je chronick\u00e9 z\u00e1n\u011btliv\u00e9 neurologick\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. Postihuje dvakr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji \u017eeny ne\u017e mu\u017ee a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161inou mezi 20. a 40. rokem v\u011bku.1 Onemocn\u011bn\u00ed v\u00a0\u00favodn\u00ed f\u00e1zi charakterizuje zejm\u00e9na z\u00e1n\u011bt nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b mozku a m\u00edchy. Navzdory n\u00e1zvu \u201eskler\u00f3za\u201c ale se zapom\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm ve st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho. P\u0159esto, \u017ee jde o velmi z\u00e1va\u017enou diagn\u00f3zu, jej\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina st\u00e1le nen\u00ed zn\u00e1ma. Posuny v\u00a0l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch mo\u017enostech jsou v\u00a0posledn\u00edch letech velik\u00e9, l\u00e9ka\u0159i maj\u00ed k\u00a0dispozici celou \u0161k\u00e1lu modern\u00edch l\u00e9k\u016f.2 V\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky jsou pacienti s\u00a0roztrou\u0161enou skler\u00f3zou (RS) v\u00a0p\u00e9\u010di specializovan\u00fdch neurolog\u016f. 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